After they loaded coal from the fallen pillars, the colliers and their helpers pushed their cars out into the main entry as fast as possible before sections of the roof collapsed. Others opened large wooden doors just before speeding cars passed through. Coffee cost an average 47 per pound in 1920. Data was originally published in the Industrial Bulletin of the State Department of Labor. NOTE: Forhouseholdincome data for 1929, we recommend a1934 Brookings Institution report titled America's Capacity to Consume. Coal miner Bill Keating composed the ballad Down, Down, Down to break my loneliness and to show my mule I was in a friendly mood., President John L. Lewis, United Mine Workers, convention badge, 1936. Details the prices of appliances, furniture, and more household items on pp. by SEX Source: BLS, Shows the average wages of Spanish agricultural workers in different cities. 514. The union was very important to miners. With industrialization, workers lost control of when to start, eat, and end their day. Source: BLS, Shows the average daily or monthly wages for various occupations in 5 different cities in Brazil. Taken from Bulletin of the United States Bureau of Labor Statistics, No. Bedroom: Shows the "living wage" per week for different metropolitan areas of Australia. Covers Great Britain, France, Belgium, Germany, Sweden, Norway, Switzerland, Italy and Austria. This was the room and pillar method of mining common in the Appalachian bituminous coalfields. The failure of a mine boss to dampen the coal dust was the reason the Red Ash mine blew up in 1905, killing thirteen men and boys on Fire Creek. Dollars. Copy. This Farmers' Bulletin, Cost of Using Horses on Corn-Belt Farms, goes into great detail about the costs of keeping work horses, including a. Every workingman was supposed to have his turn when it came to getting an empty coal car, because each collier deserved an equal opportunity to get his load to the weigh station. Source: Shows the average hourly wage of a variety of jobs both in and outside of Paris. Discusses doctor and hospital fees as well as related expenses such as home nursing care. Wages are expressed in both foreign currency and dollars. Prices are shown in contemporary US dollars. Wages of pattern makers, molders, drill press operators, lathe hands, machinists and more. If a man died in a mine, they quit work to honor him and to take up a collection for his surviving wife and children. Source: BLS Monthly Labor Review, Dec 1920 Source: U.S. Federal Trade Commission report. Lists single-unit prices for barbital, benzoyl peroxide, benzocaine, aspirin, quinoline, and more, showing proprietary and coined drug names. View object record Steam whistle With industrialization, workers lost control of when to start, eat, and end their day. Shows average wages alongside a cost of living index for Germany between 1929-1942. Shows the weekly earnings for 9 occupations in Amsterdam, Haarlem, the Hague, and Rotterdam. An open flame provided the only light, and the cloth cap barely kept lamp soot away. Watch the rocks, theyre falling daily, Source: You may download a pdf version of the 1928, Hotel rates are shown in the advertisements in. Taking a mine car out of turnconstituted another grave offense. Arthur Lewis. Wages are shown in shillings. Shows the average weekly wages of NY factory workers every month over a 14 year period. These were the underground attitudes Frank Keeney absorbed as he entered manhood as a coal miner. Shows family expenditures by category. Some stopped the cars by jamming pieces of wood into the spokes. Source: Shows the earnings per hour and week for sawmill workers over a 20 year period. See list of the most common occupations for women in 1910 and 1920 (source: Census Bureau). Managements steam whistle now set the times. Shows the hourly, daily, and biannual earnings of different occupations in the Missouri coal industry between 1890-1922. Wages are shown in Czech krone. During the first three decades of the 20th century, African Americans comprised about 25 percent of all southern West Virginia miners. This bibliography lists reports that show income, budgets, consumer expenditures, etc. In the words of the popular song Miners Lifeguard, written by a miner from Oak Hill, West Virginia: A miners life is like a sailors, Source: BLS, Shows the average daily wages for workers in different occupations in French coal mines. Arranged by occupation and then by city and year. Tip: use the search tool to look for words like cents or rate. by OCCUPATION Click for more info about the kind of home a family earning less than $2,500 annually could buy in 1928. Typically, workers could get an advance on pay, in company-issued paper currency, called scrip, or tokens to buy goods. COST OF LIVING Source: BLS. Source: Report of the Salary survey commission to the Pennsylvania General assembly, 1929. Source: BLS. Then, with their lamps casting a dim yellow light on the dark hillside, the men and boys disappeared one by one into the hole, like ants entering a colony. In some cases, when a shot backfired out of the hole, it ignited coal dust or gas in the miners room and sent fire bursting into the main tunnel, where it could burn or suffocate the mules and their drivers passing through. Jump directly to prices for: meats and eggs, butter, cheese, milk, bread and flour, corn meal, rice, potatoes, granulated sugar, coffee and tea, onions, navy beans, prunes, raisins, canned salmon, evaporated milk, margarine, lard, oats, corn flakes, wheat cereal, macaroni, canned baked beans, canned corn, canned peas, canned tomatoes, bananas, oranges, and more. The survey covered 114 different cotton mills in 12 different state, and generally divides tables by occupation, sex, and year or occupation, sex, and state. Shows wages and prices in kronen, along with the exchange rate to translate into U.S. dollars. Shows the average retail prices of staple foodstuffs in Sao Paulo, Brazil. After the top fell, they returned to break and load the fallen coal before another layer of the top came crashing down with a tremendous roar. Chart shows median wages of women employed in Philadelphia households as chambermaids, cleaners, cooks, waitresses, laundress, seamstress, and children's nurses (nannies.) Source: BLS Monthly Labor Review, July 1930. Workers focused on the pace of work, safety, and wages. Wages are shown in both Francs and contemporary US dollars. From the Louisiana Department of Labor and Industrial Statistics Biennial Report for 1929-1930. Salary data for teachers, principals and school administrators in New York City, Philadelphia, Cleveland, Detroit, St. Louis, Chicago and Kansas City. A mail order catalog for the Fall/Winter season, 1920-1921. Wages are shown in both German marks and contemporary U.S. dollars. Source: Covers elementary schools and junior high schools in American cities with populations of 2,500 or more. Owners claimed property rights and managerial entitlements over the workplace. Industrial home work was most common in clothing manufacturing and tobacco industries (rolling cigars, etc.) Shows wages by occupation grouped by industries, with breakouts for males and females. Source: BLS, Shows the average daily wages of manual work occupations in Barcelona, Spain. Source: U.S. BLS Bulletin, No. MERCHANDISE $30.30. Table 679 of this 1923 USDA Yearbook tells how much U.S. farmers paid for farm tools and implements, work gloves, shirts and shoes, shotguns, tobacco, wagons, building materials such as nails and shingles, and household items such as dishes and fruit jars, washtubs and buckets in 1909, 1914-1922. Source: BLS, Shows the retail prices of foodstuffs and other necessities throughout different areas of Denmark such as Copenhagen. Careless miners always fail. Source: Missouri State Dept of Agriculture. This booklet shows prices for hotels and amenities such astelephone, restaurant meals,haircuts, bath house, etc. Shows the daily wages for 11 different occupations in Parahyba, Brazil. Shows starting salary and increases granted based on marital status and number of children. Tools and hardware: Source: BLS Monthly Labor Review (September 1932). Shows the income of each member of a Zurich household and the amount that household spent on various necessities like food, clothing, rent, etc. in FOREIGN COUNTRIES, FOOD Source: BLS, Shows the retail prices of food and commodities in various cities throughout south Manchuria. Teacher salaries for. Source: BLS Monthly Labor Review (July 1930). Shows wages for common and semi-skilled workers in manufacturing and construction industries, in baking, agriculture, metal and printing trades. Shows wages and hours for union bricklayers, building laborers, carpenters, cement finishers,hod carriers, inside wiremen, painters, plasterers, plumbers, stonecutters and more. See also "C" tab above for carpenters, cement workers, etc. Source: USDA National Agricultural Statistics Service. Engineers used anemometers to measure airflow within mines. Source: Table shows 52 years of time-series prices on individual foods, such as. Wages are listed in Mexican currency with exchange rate for calculating amounts in U.S. dollars. 525. During the Great Depression output was nearly halved from 680 million tons to 360 million. Few words meant more to mine workers than manliness, a quality that connoted dignity, respectability, defiant egalitarianism, and patriarchal male supremacy, in the words of historian David Montgomery. The legislature rejected all proposals for reform, however. In West Virginia, where mineswere cut near the mountaintops, the overburden was looser and more prone to collapse than in the deeper shaft mines of the North. The strongest, most efficient men earned the most money at the end of the day. Pennsylvania's investment in anthracite iron paid dividends for the industrial economy of the state and proved that coal could be adapted to a number of industrial pursuits. The struggle between workers and managers in the workplace played out vividly in the Pennsylvania coal mines. Former Timeline picture editor. Shows average value for farm land and buildings from 1850-1982. Besides know-how, the miners depended upon instinct and luck. And your eye upon the scale! Source: AAUP report, p. 162. Wages are shown in both Italian lire and contemporary U.S. dollars. Acquiring a sense of humor helped mask a workers dread of the mine, but joking was no substitute for learning how to be careful. Separate listings forinspectors, police superintendents, captains, sergeants, privates, etc. Source: BLS, Shows clothes prices paid by working class families in Great Britain. See the. When a miner and his helper approached the entry to their room, danger lurked in almost every move they made. Tomorrow night at 9pm PBSs American Experience will broadcast The Mine Wars, based on the book. At the far end of the room, the miner lay down on his side and cut under the bottom of the coal face with his pick, inching his way into the cut and hoping the coal was hard enough not to collapse on him. Wiki User. Even the most skilled miners could not detect the presence of kettle bottoms, the petrified remains of huge ancient tree trunks that could plunge through the roofs and crush workers. Provides detailed breakouts by occupation. Shows wage data by manufacturing categories for 1914, 1919, 1921, and 1923. Wages are shown in 1930 US dollars. Wages are shown in Japanese yen. Data is broken out byoccupation, sex and district. Compares to national averages. Wages are shown in Finnish marks. Wages are shown in Spanish pesetas. In 1900 almost 2 percent of Americans were coal miners. But Appalachian coal production peaked in 1918. Wages are shown in Mexican pesos. Source: BLS, Shows the cost of foodstuffs and other necessities in Greece. Kitchen: Wages are shown in Brazilian milreis. Shows monthly wages based on the ocean routes traveled: San Francisco to points west, and New York City to points south and east. Source: Click "more" for direct links to each occupation. Shows average value of mortgaged homes, average debt remaining on the mortgages and average interest paid on mortgages annually, for 68 cities of 100,000 or more population. Covers more than 1,200 cities. As a rule he is paid so much per car, and a definite number of cars constitute a day's workthe number varying in different minesaveraging from five to seven, equaling from twelve to fifteen tons of coal. Source: BLS, Shows the average wage rates for 19 different occupations in Hamburg, Germany. Union wages by occupation and city, 1922-1928, Women's median wages by state and industry, 1910s-1920s, Cigarette packs - Average retail price by brand, 1929, Average college expenses and tuition by institution, 1928, Family budgets by income group, 1918-1930, https://libraryguides.missouri.edu/pricesandwages, Common labor - Average entrance wage rates, 1926-1934, Union wages by occupation and city, 1920-1921, Steam fitters' and sprinkler fitters' helpers, Structural-iron workers: finishers' helpers, Union wages by occupation and city, 1929-1930, Captains, masters, mates, pilots, and engineers, Maintenance-of-way employees: Gang foremen, Maintenance-of-way employees: Assistant gang foremen, Maintenance-of-way employees: Iron workers, Maintenance-of-way employees: Masons, bricklayers, and plasterers, Maintenance-of-way employees: Section laborers, Maintenance-of-way employees: Crossing and bridge flagmen and gatemen, War and postwar wages, prices, and hours, 1914-23 and 1939-44, Urban Negro weekly earnings by sex and occupational class, 1925, Negro wages by occupation - Chicago, 1920, Teacher salaries by race - North Carolina, 1922, Teacher salaries by race - Texas, 1925-1926, Accountants, auditors, bookkeepers, etc.
Harris Academy Battersea,
Peoria School District Calendar,
Articles H