Rathod, R., Baig, M. S., Khandelwal, P. N., Kulkarni, S. G., Gade, P. R., and Siddiqui, S. Results of a single blind, randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trial to study the effect of intravenous L-carnitine supplementation on health-related quality of life in Indian patients on maintenance hemodialysis. This article examines the potential risks and benefits of L-carnitine supplements and explains how this nutrient functions in your body. 2003;21(3):271-275. View abstract. View abstract. View abstract. Eur Heart J 1994;15(10):1348-1352. Evaluation of the therapeutic efficacy and tolerability of levocarnitine propionyl in the treatment of chronic obstructive arteriopathies of the lower extremities: a multicentre controlled study vs. placebo. Research shows that your levels tend to decline as you age (63, 64). View abstract. Benton, D. and Donohoe, R. T. The influence on cognition of the interactions between lecithin, carnitine and carbohydrate. Available for Android and iOS devices. L-Carnitine Tartrate Supplementation for 5 Weeks Improves Exercise Recovery in Men and Women: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial. Some studies demonstrate a potential for reducing blood pressure and the inflammatory process associated with heart disease (23, 39). Torrioli, M. G., Vernacotola, S., Mariotti, P., Bianchi, E., Calvani, M., De Gaetano, A., Chiurazzi, P., and Neri, G. Double-blind, placebo-controlled study of L-acetylcarnitine for the treatment of hyperactive behavior in fragile X syndrome. Indian Pediatr. J Clin Rheumatol. View abstract. Circ Rep 2019;1(11):508-516. View abstract. Select a condition to view a list of vitamins. Kurul S, Dirik E, Iscan A. Serum carnitine levels during oxcarbazepine and carbamazepine monotherapies in children with epilepsy. J Am Coll Nutr 1999;18:77-82. J Ren Nutr 1998;8:118-21. Ann Neurol 1989;26:456. O'Donnell, J., Finer, N. N., Rich, W., Barshop, B. L-carnitine is supplemented daily. View abstract. Whats more, five of the participants taking L-carnitine experienced nausea or diarrhea (24). Japanese J.Physical Fitness Sports Med. 2007;22(6):330-337. View abstract. View abstract. Cochrane.Database.Syst.Rev. Neurology 1991;41:1726-32. View abstract. 2007;52(6):1768-1774. 2010;105(6):1338-1345. View abstract. In specific cases, this form may even protect your brain from cell damage. 2009;61(4):215-217. Yang SK, Xiao L, Song PA, Xu X, Liu FY, Sun L. Effect of L-carnitine therapy on patients in maintenance hemodialysis: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Depression, forgetfulness, "brain fog", and dark circles under the eyes are other common symptoms of AFS. Int J Gynaecol Obstet 2019;147(1):59-64. doi: 10.1002/ijgo.12902. 2010;13(2-3):148-151. Adv Exp Med Biol 1990;272:197-208. BMC Musculoskelet Disord 2021;22(1):195. El Beshlawy, A., Mohtar, G., Abd El, Ghafar E., Abd El Dayem, S. M., El Sayed, M. H., Aly, A. Perrott, J., Murphy, N. G., and Zed, P. J. L-carnitine for acute valproic acid overdose: a systematic review of published cases. View abstract. Iyer, R. N., Khan, A. Rossle, C., Pichard, C., Roulet, M., Chiolero, R., Schutz, Y., Temler, E., Schindler, C., Zurlo, F., Jequier, E., and Furst, P. [Effect of L-carnitine supplemented total parenteral nutrition on postoperative lipid and nitrogen utilization]. Res Pharm Sci. View abstract. Role of acetyl-L-carnitine in the treatment of cognitive deficit in chronic alcoholism. Brevetti G, Chiariello M, Policicchio A, and et al. Chen, X. F., Li, Z., Ping, P., Dai, J. C., Zhang, F. B., and Shang, X. J. 2008;25(8):734-743. 2007;45(7):513-517. View abstract. Fagher, B., Cederblad, G., Eriksson, M., Monti, M., Moritz, U., Nilsson-Ehle, P., and Thysell, H. L-carnitine and haemodialysis: double blind study on muscle function and metabolism and peripheral nerve function. View abstract. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2004;1033:99-107. Zhang JJ, Wu ZB, Cai YJ, Ke B, Huang YJ, Qiu CP, Yang YB, Shi LY, Qin J. L-carnitine ameliorated fasting-induced fatigue, hunger, and metabolic abnormalities in patients with metabolic syndrome: a randomized controlled study. Serjeant, B. E., Harris, J., Thomas, P., and Serjeant, G. R. Propionyl-L-carnitine in chronic leg ulcers of homozygous sickle cell disease: a pilot study. PLoS One. View abstract. Moretti S, Alesse E, Di Marzio L, et al. View abstract. Huang, Y., Huang, L. C., and Zhan, F. Clinical analysis of therapeutic effect of levocarnitine on dialysis patients. Neri S, Pistone G, Saraceno B, et al. Nephron 1997;75(3):372. Dig.Dis Sci 2008;53(11):3018-3025. Cochrane.Database.Syst.Rev. 11-15-2008;102(10):1413-1417. Low levels of L-carnitine have been found to be associated with diabetic complications. This makes L-carnitine a conditionally essential nutrient (6). View abstract. Int.Angiol. Curran, J. S., Williams, P. R., Kanarek, K. S., Novak, M., and Monkus, E. F. An evaluation of orally supplemented L-carnitine in premature infants receiving Intralipid 20%. Rizos I. Effect of L-carnitine in patients with asthenospermia. View abstract. This article explains why some people have a fast metabolism and how you can speed up yours to burn more calories. The mitochondria act. View abstract. 2007;18(3):169-176. 1989;4(5):366-371. View abstract. View abstract. 2005;25(7):470-477. View abstract. 2012;11:CD008394. View abstract. Chao, H. H., Chen, C. H., Liu, J. C., Lin, J. W., Wong, K. L., and Cheng, T. H. L-Carnitine attenuates angiotensin II-induced proliferation of cardiac fibroblasts: role of NADPH oxidase inhibition and decreased sphingosine-1-phosphate generation. Although the recommended dose varies, around 5002,000 mg (0.52 grams) seems to be both safe and effective. View abstract. Am.J Kidney Dis 1999;34(4):678-687. Is there a special pill or food out there? 2008;27(3):253-259. View abstract. Life Sci 1996;59:1579-99. 4-5-2008;130(12):441-445. 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Multiple-dose pharmacokinetics and bioequivalence of L-carnitine 330-mg tablet versus 1-g chewable tablet versus enteral solution in healthy adult male volunteers. View abstract. View abstract. Lacour B, Di Giulio S, Chanard J, Ciancioni C, Haguet M, Lebkiri B, Basile C, Drueke T, Assan R, Funck-Brentano JL "Carnitine improves lipid anomalies in haemodialysis patients." Tabibi, H., Hakeshzadeh, F., Hedayati, M., and Malakoutian, T. Effects of l-carnitine supplement on serum amyloid A and vascular inflammation markers in hemodialysis patients: a randomized controlled trial. View abstract. Gynecol Endocrinol 2018;34(8):684-8. (Pakistan) 2006;6(5):800-805. View abstract. 11. Antioxid.Redox.Signal. Hiraoka A, Kiguchi D, Ninomiya T, et al. A vitamin/nutriceutical formulation improves memory and cognitive performance in community-dwelling adults without dementia. Biol Neonate 1990;58:89-92. Preliminary report. Three-year survival of patients with heart failure caused by dilated cardiomyopathy and L-carnitine administration. Colon-Soto, M., Peredo, R. A., and Vila, L. M. Systemic lupus erythematosus after mesotherapy with acetyl-L-carnitine. Since L-carnitine helps move more fatty acids into your cells to be burned for energy, you might think this would increase your ability to burn fat and lose weight. Evidence suggests it may promote weight loss by increasing calorie expenditure.6. Brass E. Pharmacokinetic considerations for the therapeutic use of carnitine in hemodialysis patients. View abstract. View abstract. J Inherit.Metab Dis 2008;31 Suppl 2:S219-S222. J Child Neurol 1997;12:461-3. 1. View abstract. Fortin, G., Yurchenko, K., Collette, C., Rubio, M., Villani, A. C., Bitton, A., Sarfati, M., and Franchimont, D. L-carnitine, a diet component and organic cation transporter OCTN ligand, displays immunosuppressive properties and abrogates intestinal inflammation. The effect of combined L-carnitine and erythropoietin administration on the anaemia and on the lipid profile of patients on hemodialysis [abstract]. View abstract. Of the different forms, acetyl-L-carnitine and L-carnitine are the most popular and seem to be most effective. View abstract. Weschler A, Aviram M, Levin M, Better OS, Brook JG "High dose of L-carnitine increases platelet aggregation and plasma triglyceride levels in uremic patients on hemodialysis." 2010;25(8):954-960. Huidekoper, H. H., Schneider, J., Westphal, T., Vaz, F. M., Duran, M., and Wijburg, F. A. View abstract. Maccio, A., Madeddu, C., Gramignano, G., Mulas, C., Floris, C., Sanna, E., Cau, M. C., Panzone, F., and Mantovani, G. A randomized phase III clinical trial of a combined treatment for cachexia in patients with gynecological cancers: evaluating the impact on metabolic and inflammatory profiles and quality of life. South Med J 1993;86:1411-2. Medically reviewed by Drugs.com. L-Carnosine - not to be confused with the popular supplement, L-carnitine - is a highly effective anti-aging nutrient that possesses powerful antioxidant, free radical scavenging and neurotransmitter properties. Kor J Nephrol 1992;11:260-269. View abstract. El Beshlawy, A., Abd, El Raouf, Mostafa, F., Talaat, M., Isma'eel, H., Aoun, E., Hoffbrand, A. V., and Taher, A. Diastolic dysfunction and pulmonary hypertension in sickle cell anemia: is there a role for L-carnitine treatment? Pola, P., Tondi, P., Flore, R., Serricchio, M., Dal Lago, A., Amanti, C., Consorti, F., Benedetti, M., and Midiri, H. Effect of l-carnitine on lipid pattern in debilitated patients treated with Intralipid. View abstract. Pehlivanoglu S, Enar R Mutlu H Sert A Ersalni M Yazicioglu N. The effect of L-carnitine on left ventricular function in patients with acute myocardial infarction treated with streptokinase. Am J Kidney Dis 1995;26(5):757-764. Ital J Neurol Sci 1981;2(3):255-262. Always consult your healthcare provider to ensure the information displayed on this page applies to your personal circumstances. J Nutr.Biochem. A., and Barrington, K. J. Plasma and urinary carnitine and acylcarnitines in chronic fatigue syndrome. Brevetti G, Perna S, Sabba C, et al. Lancet 1989;2:469-73. Panjwani, U., Thakur, L., Anand, J. P., Singh, S. N., Amitabh, Singh, S. B., and Banerjee, P. K. Effect of L-carnitine supplementation on endurance exercise in normobaric/normoxic and hypobaric/hypoxic conditions. Eur.Urol. 2013 Nov;30(8):742-7. A., and Greenhaff, P. L. Increasing muscle carnitine content alters muscle fuel metabolism and improves exercise performance in humans. Golper TA, Wolfson M, Ahmad S, Hirschberg R, Kurtin P, Katz LA, Nicora R, Ashbrook D, Kopple JD "Multicenter trial of L-carnitine in maintenance hemodialysis patients. View abstract. In a preliminary analysis, we reported that L-carnitine could improve fatigue, mood and sleep. Yarizadh H, Shab-Bidar S, Zamani B, Vanani AN, Baharlooi H, Djafarian K. The effect of L-carnitine supplementation on exercise-induced muscle damage: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials. Effects of L-carnitine administration on VO2max and the aerobic- anaerobic threshold in normoxia and acute hypoxia. Labonia, W. D. L-carnitine effects on anemia in hemodialyzed patients treated with erythropoietin. View abstract. Call your doctor for medical advice about side effects. 2000;54(6):470-477. Rajasekar, P. and Anuradha, C. V. Effect of L-carnitine on skeletal muscle lipids and oxidative stress in rats fed high-fructose diet. Metabolism 2009;58(11):1618-1623. 2011;(12):CD006282. View abstract. 2008;15(8):595-601. Ann.Indian Acad.Neurol. 2010;5(12):e14433. Tarantini, G., Scrutinio, D., Bruzzi, P., Boni, L., Rizzon, P., and Iliceto, S. Metabolic treatment with L-carnitine in acute anterior ST segment elevation myocardial infarction. If given to patients on dialysis, 3 or more grams of L-carnitine daily might cause hypercalcaemia. View abstract. Hemodial.Int. [Ref], Very common (10% or more): Hypercalcemia (15%), hypervolemia (12%), Common (1% to 10%): Anorexia, hyperkalemia[Ref], Very common (10% or more): Pain (35%), flu syndrome (29%), chest pain (15%), accidental injury (12%), asthenia (12%), fever (12%), Common (1% to 10%): Peripheral edema, weight decrease, weight increase, Very rare (less than 0.01%): Body odor, International Normalized Ratio (INR) increased[Ref], Very common (10% or more): Injection site reaction (38%)[Ref], Musculoskeletal side effects, in chronic hemodialysis patients, for levocarnitine (the active ingredient contained in L-Carnitine) in relation to placebo therapy have included asthenia (8% to 12% vs 8%) and leg cramps (4% to 8% vs 13%). Jeulin C, Lewin LM. Indian J Exp.Biol. View abstract. Orlando G and Rusconi C. Oral L-carnitine in the treatment of chronic cardiac ischaemia in elderly patients. Karl M, Rubenstein M, Rudnick C, Brejda J. 2010;20(11):693-700. View abstract. Yokoi, K., Ito, T., Maeda, Y., Nakajima, Y., Ueta, A., Nomura, T., Koyama, N., Kato, I., Suzuki, S., Kurono, Y., Sugiyama, N., and Togari, H. Acylcarnitine profiles during carnitine loading and fasting tests in a Japanese patient with medium-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiency. Both humans and mice naturally produce acetyl L-carnitine under normal conditions, but studies have shown that some depression-prone animals are deficient in acetyl L-carnitine. Int J Clin Pharmacol Res 1990;10:101-7. Generic name: levocarnitine (oral) [LEE-voe-KAR-ni-teen] Leuk Lymphoma. While l-carnitine itself has been shown to favorably affect recovery in trained athletes, the studies are generally weak, lacking a large enough sample size, a strong control group, and conclusive results. View abstract. Ann.Saudi.Med. A. View abstract. Acenocoumarol is used to slow blood clotting. Effect of lysine, vitamin B(6), and carnitine supplementation on the lipid profile of male patients with hypertriglyceridemia: a 12-week, open-label, randomized, placebo-controlled trial. Korean J.Nutrition 2007;40(7):630-638. Sawicka AK, Hartmane D, Lipinska P, Wojtowicz E, Lysiak-Szydlowska W, Olek RA. 2016;39(6):277-80.View abstract. Anesth.Analg. Vaux, E. C., Taylor, D. J., Altmann, P., Rajagopalan, B., Graham, K., Cooper, R., Bonomo, Y., and Styles, P. Effects of carnitine supplementation on muscle metabolism by the use of magnetic resonance spectroscopy and near-infrared spectroscopy in end-stage renal disease.
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